Which instrument is primarily used as the attitude reference during simulated instrument maneuvers?

• A. Attitude indicator.
• B. Heading indicator.
• C. Turn coordinator.
• D. VSI.

Answer: (A)

Attitude information from the attitude indicator is the primary reference for aircraft orientation during simulated instrument maneuvers. It provides the artificial horizon, showing how much the wings are banked and how the nose is pitched relative to level flight, which is exactly what you need to control your attitude when flying by instruments. The other instruments serve different purposes: the heading indicator shows our current course, not attitude; the turn coordinator indicates how quickly we’re turning and whether the turn is coordinated; and the VSI shows vertical speed, not attitude. So for maintaining and judging pitch and bank during instrument maneuvers, the attitude indicator is the best and most essential reference.